Cassis (French pronunciation: [kasi, kasis]; Occitan Occitan is a Romance language spoken in Occitania, that is, Southern France, the Occitan Valleys of Italy, Monaco and in the Aran Valley of Spain. It is also spoken in the linguistic enclave of Guardia Piemontese . It is a co-official language in Catalonia, Spain (known as Aranese in Aran Valley). Modern Occitan is the closest relative of Catalan: Cassís) is a commune The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or cities in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany. French communes have no exact equivalent in the United Kingdom, having a status somewhere in between that of English districts and civil situated east of Marseille Marseille , formerly known as Massalia (from Greek: Μασσαλία), its second most-populous, behind Paris, with 852,395 residents as of 2007. It forms the third-largest urban area after those of Paris and Lyon with a population of 1,420,000 and the third-largest metropolitan area, also after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population of 1,530,0 in the administrative department The departments of France and many of its former colonies are administrative divisions. The 100 French departments are grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas regions, all of which have identical legal status as integral parts of France. The departments are subdivided into 342 arrondissements, which in turn, are divided into cantons. Each of the Bouches-du-Rhône Bouches-du-Rhône is a department in the south of France named after the mouth of the Rhône River in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur or PACA is one of the 22 regions of France region France is administratively divided into 26 regions , of which 22 are on Metropolitan France, and four are overseas. Corsica is a territorial collectivity (French: collectivité territoriale), but is considered a region in mainstream usage, and is even shown as such on the INSEE Web site. Each mainland region and Corsica are further subdivided into in southern France France (pronounced /ˈfrænts/ frantss or /ˈfrɑːnts/ frahnts; French pronunciation (help·info): [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française, pronounced: [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a state in Western Europe with several of its overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian,. It is a popular tourist destination,[1] famous for its cliffs (falaises) and the sheltered inlets called calanques A calanque (from the Corsican word of preindoeuropean origin calanca with meaning "inlet"; Occitan calanca too) is a geologic formation in the form of a deep valley with steep sides, typically of limestone, in part submerged by the sea. It can be considered a Mediterranean fjord. The wines of Cassis are white and rosé, and not to be confused with crème de cassis Crème de cassis is a blood-red, sweet, blackcurrant flavored liqueur, and is an ingredient of kir, an apéritif. The modern version of the drink first appeared in the Burgundy region in 1841, displacing "ratafia de cassis" from prior centuries. It is made from blackcurrants crushed into refined alcohol, with sugar subsequently added, a specialty of Burgundy Burgundy is a region historically situated in modern-day France and Switzerland which takes its name from blackcurrants Ribes nigrum, or Blackcurrant is a species of Ribes berry native to central and northern Europe and northern Asia and is a perennial (cassis), not the commune.
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Geography
The town is situated on the Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is technically a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a completely separate coast, about 20 km (12.4 mi) east of Marseille Marseille , formerly known as Massalia (from Greek: Μασσαλία), its second most-populous, behind Paris, with 852,395 residents as of 2007. It forms the third-largest urban area after those of Paris and Lyon with a population of 1,420,000 and the third-largest metropolitan area, also after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population of 1,530,0. Cap Canaille (394 metres, 1203 feet), between Cassis and La Ciotat ("the civitas In the history of the Roman Empire, the Latin term civitas referred to the condition of Roman citizenship. It was also used to describe a type of settlement") is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe, a sailor's landmark for millennia.
History
The site where Cassis now sits was first occupied between 500 and 600 BC by the Ligures The Ligures were an ancient people who gave their name to Liguria, a province of Northern Italy, who constructed a fortified habitation at the top of the Baou Redon. These people lived by fishing, hunting, and by farming.
The link with Massilia Marseille , formerly known as Massalia (from Greek: Μασσαλία), its second most-populous, behind Paris, with 852,395 residents as of 2007. It forms the third-largest urban area after those of Paris and Lyon with a population of 1,420,000 and the third-largest metropolitan area, also after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population of 1,530,0 (Marseille)[citation needed], a city founded by the Phoceans Phocaea, or Phokaia, (modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. Greek colonists from Phocaea founded the colony of Massalia (modern day Marseille, in France) in 600 BC, Emporion (modern day Empúries, in Catalonia, Spain) in 575 BC and Elea (modern day Velia, in Campania, Italy) in 540 BC,(Greek Greek , an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, is the language of the Greeks. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. In its ancient form, it is the language of classical ancient Greek literature and the New Testament of: Φώκαια) , means that the current site of Cassis could have been inhabited by the Greeks The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world, though no proof has yet been found.
During the Roman Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea, it became one of the largest empires in the ancient world times, Cassis was part of the maritime route made by the Emperor Antoninus Pius Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus , generally known in English as Antoninus Pius was the fifteenth Roman emperor from 138 to 161. He was the fourth of the Five Good Emperors and a member of the Aurelii. He did not possess the sobriquet "Pius" until after his accession to the throne. Almost certainly, he earned the name &. At this time, the port advanced right up to Baragnon. It was a small village, established mainly around the Arena and Corton beaches. The principal livelihood was fishing and maritime trade with North Africa North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, linked by the Sahara to Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the United Nations definition of Northern Africa includes seven countries or territories; Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Mauritania, and and the Middle East The Middle East is a region that encompasses southwestern Asia and Egypt. In some contexts, the term has recently been expanded in usage to sometimes include Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Caucasus and Central Asia, and North Africa. It's often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East. The corresponding adjective is Middle-Eastern. Several archaeological discoveries attest to this[citation needed].
From the fifth to the tenth century, invasions by the barbarians The word is often used pejoratively, either in a general reference to a member of a nation or ethnos, typically a tribal society as seen by an urban civilization either viewed as inferior, or admired as a noble savage. In idiomatic or figurative usage, a "barbarian" may also be an individual reference to a brutal, cruel, warlike,[weasel words] led the population to seek refuge in the castrum The Latin word castra, with its singular castrum, was used by the ancient Romans to mean buildings or plots of land reserved to or constructed for use as a military defensive position. As the word appears in both Oscan and Umbrian as well as in Latin, it probably descended from Indo-European to Italic. In classical Latin the word castra always, a fortified city that, in 1223, became the property of the Seigneurie des Les Baux-de-Provence.
In the fifteenth century, Cassis was ceded to the Counts of Provence, then René of Anjou René of Anjou , also known as René I of Naples and Good King René (French Le bon roi René), was Duke of Anjou, Count of Provence (1434–1480), Count of Piedmont, Duke of Bar (1430–1480), Duke of Lorraine (1431–1453), King of Naples (1438–1442; titular 1442–1480), titular King of Jerusalem (1438–1480) and Aragon (1466–1480) ( gave the town to the Bishops of Marseille, who ruled the town until the Revolution The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in French and European history. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years. French society underwent an epic transformation as feudal, aristocratic, and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from liberal political of 1789.
In the eighteenth century, Cassis started to develop outside the ramparts of the fortified city and around the port. After the Bourbon Restoration The Bourbon Restoration is the name given to the restored Bourbon Kingdom of France which existed from 1814 until the July Revolution of 1830, with the interval of the "Hundred Days" from Napoleon Bonaparte's return from Elba to the Battle of Waterloo in 1814–15. The regime was a constitutional monarchy, unlike the ancien régime,, new industries developed here, including the drying of cod, the manufacture of olive oil and clothing, coral work, wine-making and the exploitation of local stone (cement, limestone). Indeed, the Stone of Cassis, which was quarried here since antiquity made the town famous. The masonry for the quays of the large Mediterranean ports (Alexandria Alexandria , with a population of 4.1 million, is the second-largest city in Egypt, and is the country's largest seaport, serving approximately 80% of Egypt's imports and exports. Alexandria is also an important tourist resort. Alexandria extends about 32 km (20 mi) along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in north-central Egypt. It is home to the, Algiers Algiers /ælˈdʒɪərz/ , is the capital and largest city of Algeria and the second largest of the Maghreb after Casablanca. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. A recent UN estimate of the urban agglomeration (metropolitan area) puts the population at 3,35, Piraeus Piraeus is a municipality in the periphery of Attica, Greece and within Athens urban area, located 12 km southwest of its center, Marseille Marseille , formerly known as Massalia (from Greek: Μασσαλία), its second most-populous, behind Paris, with 852,395 residents as of 2007. It forms the third-largest urban area after those of Paris and Lyon with a population of 1,420,000 and the third-largest metropolitan area, also after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population of 1,530,0, Port Said Port Said is a northeastern Egyptian city near the Suez Canal, with an approximate population of 515,007 (2001)) originated from Cassis[citation needed], as well as the base of the Statue of Liberty The Statue of Liberty (originally called Liberty Enlightening the World ) is a massive sculpture that stands on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. Designed by Frédéric Bartholdi and dedicated on October 28, 1886, the statue was a gift of the people of France. It has become an iconic symbol of freedom and of the United States in New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States, and the center of the New York metropolitan area, which is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. A leading global city, New York exerts a powerful influence over global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. As host of the. Today, the stone is used for more domestic purposes: pile (the Provençal Provençal is a dialect of Occitan spoken by a minority of people in southern France, mostly in Provence. In the English-speaking world, "Provençal" is often used to refer to all dialects of Occitan, but it actually refers specifically to the dialect spoken in Provence word for a sink)[clarification needed], swimming pool etc.[weasel words]
In the twentieth century, as these industries began to disappear, the workforce turned to tourism and wine making. Cassis was one of the first three vineyards to profit from the appellation d'origine contrôlée (label of controlled origin) introduced in 1936.
Notes and references
- ^ "Cu a vist París, e non Cassís, a ren vist!", "Who has seen Paris and not Cassis, has seen nothing!"
External links
| Find more about Cassis on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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- (English) French Riviera Cassis, Provence information website
- (English) Tourism Office of Cassis
- (French) Tourism Office of Cassis
- (English) Town Website
- (French) Town website
- (English) Bird migration at Cassis
Categories: Communes of Bouches-du-Rhône | Mediterranean port cities and towns in France
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Quentin
Sun, 14 Mar 2010 07:55:44 GM
Nicolas Quere (Commencal Boutique Fox) s'est impose samedi a . Cassis. devant Olivier Navarro (Commencal Extrem Bikes) et Greg Doucende (Acsud CL Brakes). Nicolas Quere a signe les temps scratch des 4 speciales (la speciale 2 a ete ...
